Added benchmarking for pinecone

.env

@@ -7,4 +7,6 @@ POSTGRES_PORT_NONE=5433
 POSTGRES_PORT_NEON=5434
 POSTGRES_PORT_PGVECTOR=5435
 POSTGRES_PORT_LANTERN=5436
-SSH_PORT_LANTERN=2222
+SSH_PORT_LANTERN=2222
+PINECONE_API_KEY='YOUR_PINECONE_API_KEY_HERE'
+PINECONE_ENV='us-west1-gcp'

core/benchmark_create.py

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 import logging
 import subprocess
 import statistics
+import json
 from .utils.database import DatabaseConnection, get_database_url
 from .utils.delete_index import delete_index
 from .utils.create_index import get_create_index_query, get_index_name
@@ -12,6 +13,8 @@
 from .utils import cli
 from .utils.process import save_result, get_experiment_results
 from .utils.print import print_labels, print_row, get_title
+from .utils.cloud_provider import get_cloud_provider
+from .utils.names import get_cloud_index_name, get_table_name
 
 SUPPRESS_COMMAND = "SET client_min_messages TO WARNING"
 
@@ -36,6 +39,11 @@ def generate_external_performance_result(extension, dataset, N, index_params):
     t2 = time.time()
     return (t2 - t1) * 1000
 
+def generate_cloud_performance_result(provider_instance, vector_data, index_params):
+    t1 = time.time()
+    provider_instance.create_index(index_params, vector_data)
+    t2 = time.time()
+    return (t2 - t1) * 1000
 
 def generate_performance_result(extension, dataset, N, index_params):
     if 'external' in index_params and index_params['external']:
@@ -149,3 +157,53 @@ def print_results(dataset):
 
     # Generate result
     generate_result(extension, dataset, N, index_params, count=count)
+
+
+def generate_cloud_result(provider, dataset, N, index_params={}, count=10):
+    cloud_provider = get_cloud_provider(provider)
+    index_name = get_cloud_index_name(dataset, N)
+    cloud_provider.delete_index(index_name)
+    index_params['name'] = index_name
+
+    print(get_title(provider, index_params, dataset, N))
+
+    print_labels(f"Iteration /{count}", 'Latency (ms)')
+
+    times = []
+    vector_data = []
+
+    with DatabaseConnection(Extension.NONE) as conn:
+        base_table_name = get_table_name(dataset=dataset, N=N)
+        vector_data = conn.select(f'SELECT v FROM {base_table_name}')
+        vector_data = list(map(lambda x: (str(x[0]), json.loads(x[1][0])), enumerate(vector_data)))
+
+    for iteration in range(count):
+        time = generate_cloud_performance_result(cloud_provider, vector_data, index_params)
+
+        times.append(time)
+
+        print_row(str(iteration), "{:.2f}".format(time))
+
+        cloud_provider.delete_index(index_name)
+
+    latency_average = statistics.mean(times)
+
+    def save_create_result(metric_type, metric_value):
+        save_result(
+            metric_type=metric_type,
+            metric_value=metric_value,
+            extension=provider,
+            index_params=index_params,
+            dataset=dataset,
+            n=convert_string_to_number(N),
+        )
+
+    save_create_result(Metric.CREATE_LATENCY, latency_average)
+    if count > 1:        
+        latency_stddev = statistics.stdev(times)
+        save_create_result(Metric.CREATE_LATENCY_STDDEV, latency_stddev)
+
+    print('average latency:',  f"{latency_average:.2f} ms")
+    if count > 1:
+        print('stddev latency', f"{latency_stddev:.2f} ms")
+    print()

core/requirements.txt

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
 psycopg2
 numpy
-pgvector
+pgvector
+pinecone-client

core/utils/base_cloud_provider.py

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+import itertools
+
+def chunks(iterable, batch_size=100):
+    """A helper function to break an iterable into chunks of size batch_size."""
+    it = iter(iterable)
+    chunk = tuple(itertools.islice(it, batch_size))
+    while chunk:
+        yield chunk
+        chunk = tuple(itertools.islice(it, batch_size))
+
+
+class BaseCloudProvider:
+    def create_index(self):
+        raise Exception("Not implemented")
+
+    def delete_index(self):
+        raise Exception("Not implemented")
+
+    def insert_data(self):
+        raise Exception("Not implemented")
+
+    def search(self):
+        raise Exception("Not implemented")
+

core/utils/cloud_provider.py

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+import os
+from .pinecone_provider import Pinecone
+from .constants import Cloud
+
+
+def get_cloud_provider(provider_name):
+    if provider_name == Cloud.PINECONE:
+        return Pinecone(os.environ['PINECONE_API_KEY'], os.environ['PINECONE_ENV'])
+    raise Exception(f'Invalid cloud provider {provider_name}')
+

core/utils/constants.py

@@ -14,6 +14,9 @@ class Extension(Enum):
     NEON = 'neon'
     NONE = 'none'
 
+class Cloud(Enum):
+    PINECONE = 'pinecone'
+
 
 EXTENSION_VALUES = [extension.value for extension in Extension]
 
@@ -33,6 +36,7 @@ class Extension(Enum):
     Extension.PGVECTOR_HNSW: {'m': 32, 'ef_construction': 128, 'ef': 10},
     Extension.LANTERN: {'m': 32, 'ef_construction': 128, 'ef': 10},
     Extension.NEON: {'m': 32, 'ef_construction': 128, 'ef': 10},
+    Cloud.PINECONE: { 'name': '', 'metric': 'cosine', 'pods': 1, 'replicas': 1, 'pod_type': 'p2' },
     Extension.NONE: {},
 }
 

core/utils/names.py

@@ -26,6 +26,9 @@ def get_table_name(dataset, N, type='base'):
     table_name = f"{dataset.value}_{type}{N}"
     return table_name
 
+def get_cloud_index_name(dataset, N, type='base'):
+    table_name = get_table_name(dataset, N, type)
+    return table_name.replace('_', '-')
 
 def get_index_name(dataset, N):
     return get_table_name(dataset, N) + "_index"

core/utils/pinecone_async_index.py

@@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
+from typing import Optional, List, Union, Dict, Tuple, Generic, Callable, TypeVar
+from pinecone.index import Index, parse_query_response, fix_tuple_length, Iterable, _OPENAPI_ENDPOINT_PARAMS # type: ignore
+from pinecone.core.client.models import QueryVector, QueryResponse, SparseValues, QueryRequest  # type: ignore
+from pinecone.core.utils.error_handling import validate_and_convert_errors  # type: ignore
+
+
+T = TypeVar('T')
+
+# This class is an async wrapper for multiprocessing.AsyncResult functions that don't use regular async/await
+# Pinecone is unfortunately one of those libraries.
+class AsyncHandle(Generic[T]):
+    _retrieval: Callable[..., T]
+    _is_done: bool
+    _result: T
+    def __init__(self, retrieval: Callable[..., T]):
+        self._retrieval = retrieval
+        self._is_done = False
+    def get(self):
+        if not self._is_done:
+            self._is_done = True
+            self._result = self._retrieval()
+        return self._result
+
+###
+## This works around bugs in Pinecone which doesn't support async properly. The underlying API does support async,
+## so we need to modify the Pinecone client to support it by deriving from their existing index class.
+## Note: This will be fragile if Pinecone updates their code, so we need to stay pinned to their client library version.
+
+class AsyncIndex(Index):
+    @validate_and_convert_errors
+    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
+
+    def query(self,
+              vector: Optional[List[float]] = None,
+              id: Optional[str] = None,
+              queries: Optional[Union[List[QueryVector], List[Tuple]]] = None,
+              top_k: Optional[int] = None,
+              namespace: Optional[str] = None,
+              filter: Optional[Dict[str, Union[str, float, int, bool, List, dict]]] = None,
+              include_values: Optional[bool] = None,
+              include_metadata: Optional[bool] = None,
+              sparse_vector: Optional[Union[SparseValues, Dict[str, Union[List[float], List[int]]]]] = None,
+              **kwargs) -> AsyncHandle[QueryResponse]:
+        """
+        The Query operation searches a namespace, using a query vector.
+        It retrieves the ids of the most similar items in a namespace, along with their similarity scores.
+
+        API reference: https://docs.pinecone.io/reference/query
+
+        Examples:
+            >>> index.query(vector=[1, 2, 3], top_k=10, namespace='my_namespace')
+            >>> index.query(id='id1', top_k=10, namespace='my_namespace')
+            >>> index.query(vector=[1, 2, 3], top_k=10, namespace='my_namespace', filter={'key': 'value'})
+            >>> index.query(id='id1', top_k=10, namespace='my_namespace', include_metadata=True, include_values=True)
+            >>> index.query(vector=[1, 2, 3], sparse_vector={'indices': [1, 2], 'values': [0.2, 0.4]},
+            >>>             top_k=10, namespace='my_namespace')
+            >>> index.query(vector=[1, 2, 3], sparse_vector=SparseValues([1, 2], [0.2, 0.4]),
+            >>>             top_k=10, namespace='my_namespace')
+
+        Args:
+            vector (List[float]): The query vector. This should be the same length as the dimension of the index
+                                  being queried. Each `query()` request can contain only one of the parameters
+                                  `queries`, `id` or `vector`.. [optional]
+            id (str): The unique ID of the vector to be used as a query vector.
+                      Each `query()` request can contain only one of the parameters
+                      `queries`, `vector`, or  `id`.. [optional]
+            queries ([QueryVector]): DEPRECATED. The query vectors.
+                                     Each `query()` request can contain only one of the parameters
+                                     `queries`, `vector`, or  `id`.. [optional]
+            top_k (int): The number of results to return for each query. Must be an integer greater than 1.
+            namespace (str): The namespace to fetch vectors from.
+                             If not specified, the default namespace is used. [optional]
+            filter (Dict[str, Union[str, float, int, bool, List, dict]):
+                    The filter to apply. You can use vector metadata to limit your search.
+                    See https://www.pinecone.io/docs/metadata-filtering/.. [optional]
+            include_values (bool): Indicates whether vector values are included in the response.
+                                   If omitted the server will use the default value of False [optional]
+            include_metadata (bool): Indicates whether metadata is included in the response as well as the ids.
+                                     If omitted the server will use the default value of False  [optional]
+            sparse_vector: (Union[SparseValues, Dict[str, Union[List[float], List[int]]]]): sparse values of the query vector.
+                            Expected to be either a SparseValues object or a dict of the form:
+                             {'indices': List[int], 'values': List[float]}, where the lists each have the same length.
+        Keyword Args:
+            Supports OpenAPI client keyword arguments. See pinecone.core.client.models.QueryRequest for more details.
+
+        Returns: QueryResponse object which contains the list of the closest vectors as ScoredVector objects,
+                 and namespace name.
+        """
+        def _query_transform(item):
+            if isinstance(item, QueryVector):
+                return item
+            if isinstance(item, tuple):
+                values, filter = fix_tuple_length(item, 2)
+                if filter is None:
+                    return QueryVector(values=values, _check_type=_check_type)
+                else:
+                    return QueryVector(values=values, filter=filter, _check_type=_check_type)
+            if isinstance(item, Iterable):
+                return QueryVector(values=item, _check_type=_check_type)
+            raise ValueError(f"Invalid query vector value passed: cannot interpret type {type(item)}")
+
+        # force async
+        kwargs['async_req'] = True
+
+        _check_type = kwargs.pop('_check_type', False)
+        queries = list(map(_query_transform, queries)) if queries is not None else None
+
+        sparse_vector = self._parse_sparse_values_arg(sparse_vector)
+        args_dict = self._parse_non_empty_args([('vector', vector),
+                                                ('id', id),
+                                                ('queries', queries),
+                                                ('top_k', top_k),
+                                                ('namespace', namespace),
+                                                ('filter', filter),
+                                                ('include_values', include_values),
+                                                ('include_metadata', include_metadata),
+                                                ('sparse_vector', sparse_vector)])
+        response = self._vector_api.query(
+            QueryRequest(
+                **args_dict,
+                _check_type=_check_type,
+                **{k: v for k, v in kwargs.items() if k not in _OPENAPI_ENDPOINT_PARAMS}
+            ),
+            **{k: v for k, v in kwargs.items() if k in _OPENAPI_ENDPOINT_PARAMS}
+        )
+        def handler():
+            return parse_query_response(response.get(), vector is not None or id)
+
+        return AsyncHandle(handler)

core/utils/pinecone_provider.py

@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+import os
+import pinecone
+from .pinecone_async_index import AsyncIndex
+from .base_cloud_provider import BaseCloudProvider, chunks
+
+class Pinecone(BaseCloudProvider):
+    def __init__(self, api_key, environment):
+        pinecone.init(api_key=api_key, environment=environment)
+
+    def create_index(self, index_params, vectors):
+        pinecone.create_index(name=index_params['name'], dimension=len(vectors[0][1]), metric=index_params['metric'], pods=index_params['pods'], replicas=index_params['replicas'], pod_type=index_params['pod_type'])
+        return self.insert_data(index_params['name'], vectors)
+
+    def delete_index(self, name):
+        try:
+            pinecone.delete_index(name)
+        except pinecone.NotFoundException:
+            pass
+
+    def insert_data(self, index_name, vectors):
+        with pinecone.Index(index_name, pool_threads=os.cpu_count()) as index:
+            # Send requests in parallel
+            async_results = [
+                index.upsert(vectors=ids_vectors_chunk, async_req=True)
+                for ids_vectors_chunk in chunks(vectors, batch_size=100)
+            ]
+            # Wait for and retrieve responses (this raises in case of error)
+            [async_result.get() for async_result in async_results]
+
+    def calculate_recall(self, index_name, vectors_to_query, expected_results, k):
+        recall_sum = 0
+        chunk_size = 100
+        vector_chunks = chunks(vectors_to_query, chunk_size)
+
+        with AsyncIndex(index_name, pool_threads=os.cpu_count()) as index:
+            for (chunk_idx, chunk) in enumerate(vector_chunks):
+                chunk_idx_offset = chunk_size * chunk_idx
+                async_results = [
+                    (chunk_idx_offset + idx, index.query(vector=vec, top_k=k, include_values=False, async_req=True))
+                    for (idx, vec) in enumerate(chunk)
+                ]
+                responses = [(idx, async_result.get()) for (idx, async_result) in async_results]
+
+                for (idx, res) in responses:
+                    expected_id_set = set(expected_results[idx][:k])
+                    recall_sum += len(expected_id_set.intersection(map(lambda x: int(x['id']), res['matches'])))
+
+        return recall_sum / len(vectors_to_query)

docker/Dockerfile

@@ -5,13 +5,14 @@ FROM postgres:15
 WORKDIR /app
 
 # Install Python, pip, and other dependencies
-RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y python3.11 python3-pip procps cmake git build-essential postgresql-server-dev-15 openssh-client
+RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y python3.11 python3-pip procps cmake git build-essential postgresql-server-dev-15 openssh-client tmux
 
 # Copy over the Python dependencies and install them
 COPY core/requirements.txt /app/core/requirements.txt
 COPY notebooks/requirements.txt /app/notebooks/requirements.txt
 RUN pip install --no-cache-dir -r /app/core/requirements.txt --break-system-packages && \
-    pip install --no-cache-dir -r /app/notebooks/requirements.txt --break-system-packages
+    pip install --no-cache-dir -r /app/notebooks/requirements.txt --break-system-packages && \
+    pip install ipywidgets notebook --break-system-packages
 
 # Expose ports
 EXPOSE 8888