chore: take proof by reference in verify

[PhilippGackstatter]

Describe your changes

Some small improvement suggestions coming from the review of 0xMiden/protocol#3492.

• verify, Verifier::verify, and Verifier::verify_partial now borrow &ExecutionProof and &ExecutionClaim instead of consuming them. Consuming them forced any caller that still needs them to clone the entire proof (serialized size 114 KB).
  • verify_partial is included for consistency, since it has the same shape and sits next to verify in the public API.
• Renames two AdviceMutation fields to say what they hold:
  • ExtendMap { other } becomes ExtendMap { map }
  • ExtendMerkleStore { infos } becomes ExtendMerkleStore { inner_nodes }

Checklist before requesting a review

• Repo forked and branch created from next according to naming convention.
• Commit messages and codestyle follow conventions.
• Commits are signed.
• Relevant issues are linked in the PR description.
• Tests added for new functionality.
• Documentation/comments updated according to changes.
• Updated CHANGELOG.md

[bobbinth]

Looks good! Thank you!

[huitseeker]

LGTM