diff --git a/packages/vant/src/uploader/Uploader.tsx b/packages/vant/src/uploader/Uploader.tsx
index 7c43dadaba7..6d2a385e51e 100644
--- a/packages/vant/src/uploader/Uploader.tsx
+++ b/packages/vant/src/uploader/Uploader.tsx
@@ -309,6 +309,7 @@ export default defineComponent({
       return (
         <UploaderPreviewItem
           v-slots={pick(slots, ['preview-cover', 'preview-delete'])}
+          key={item.url || item.objectUrl || item.file?.name || index}
           item={item}
           index={index}
           onClick={() =>
diff --git a/packages/vant/src/uploader/test/__snapshots__/index.spec.ts.snap b/packages/vant/src/uploader/test/__snapshots__/index.spec.ts.snap
index 0148ac3e1be..0bd45bc6d16 100644
--- a/packages/vant/src/uploader/test/__snapshots__/index.spec.ts.snap
+++ b/packages/vant/src/uploader/test/__snapshots__/index.spec.ts.snap
@@ -222,6 +222,88 @@ exports[`render preview image 1`] = `
 </div>
 `;
 
+exports[`should handle key correctly when delete middle image 1`] = `
+<div class="van-uploader">
+  <div class="van-uploader__wrapper">
+    <div class="van-uploader__preview">
+      <div class="van-image van-uploader__preview-image">
+        <img
+          src="https://fastly.jsdelivr.net/npm/@vant/assets/cat.jpeg"
+          class="van-image__img"
+          style="object-fit: cover;"
+        >
+        <div class="van-image__loading">
+          <i class="van-badge__wrapper van-icon van-icon-photo van-image__loading-icon">
+          </i>
+        </div>
+      </div>
+      <div
+        role="button"
+        class="van-uploader__preview-delete van-uploader__preview-delete--shadow"
+        tabindex="0"
+        aria-label="Delete"
+      >
+        <i class="van-badge__wrapper van-icon van-icon-cross van-uploader__preview-delete-icon">
+        </i>
+      </div>
+    </div>
+    <div class="van-uploader__preview">
+      <div class="van-image van-uploader__preview-image">
+        <img
+          src="https://fastly.jsdelivr.net/npm/@vant/assets/cat.jpeg"
+          class="van-image__img"
+          style="object-fit: cover;"
+        >
+        <div class="van-image__loading">
+          <i class="van-badge__wrapper van-icon van-icon-photo van-image__loading-icon">
+          </i>
+        </div>
+      </div>
+      <div
+        role="button"
+        class="van-uploader__preview-delete van-uploader__preview-delete--shadow"
+        tabindex="0"
+        aria-label="Delete"
+      >
+        <i class="van-badge__wrapper van-icon van-icon-cross van-uploader__preview-delete-icon">
+        </i>
+      </div>
+    </div>
+    <div class="van-uploader__preview">
+      <div class="van-image van-uploader__preview-image">
+        <img
+          src="https://fastly.jsdelivr.net/npm/@vant/assets/cat.jpeg"
+          class="van-image__img"
+          style="object-fit: cover;"
+        >
+        <div class="van-image__loading">
+          <i class="van-badge__wrapper van-icon van-icon-photo van-image__loading-icon">
+          </i>
+        </div>
+      </div>
+      <div
+        role="button"
+        class="van-uploader__preview-delete van-uploader__preview-delete--shadow"
+        tabindex="0"
+        aria-label="Delete"
+      >
+        <i class="van-badge__wrapper van-icon van-icon-cross van-uploader__preview-delete-icon">
+        </i>
+      </div>
+    </div>
+    <div class="van-uploader__upload">
+      <i class="van-badge__wrapper van-icon van-icon-photograph van-uploader__upload-icon">
+      </i>
+      <input
+        type="file"
+        class="van-uploader__input"
+        accept="image/*"
+      >
+    </div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+`;
+
 exports[`should not render upload input when using readonly prop 1`] = `
 <div class="van-uploader">
   <div class="van-uploader__wrapper">
diff --git a/packages/vant/src/uploader/test/index.spec.ts b/packages/vant/src/uploader/test/index.spec.ts
index d670d31be21..ec3f7cb272d 100644
--- a/packages/vant/src/uploader/test/index.spec.ts
+++ b/packages/vant/src/uploader/test/index.spec.ts
@@ -430,6 +430,26 @@ test('delete preview image', () => {
   expect(wrapper.emitted<[File]>('delete')![0]).toBeTruthy();
 });
 
+test('should handle key correctly when delete middle image', () => {
+  const wrapper = mount(Uploader, {
+    props: {
+      modelValue: [
+        { url: IMAGE, name: '1' },
+        { url: IMAGE, name: '2' },
+        { url: IMAGE, name: '3' },
+      ],
+    },
+  });
+
+  // 删除中间图片
+  const deleteButtons = wrapper.findAll('.van-uploader__preview-delete');
+  deleteButtons[1].trigger('click');
+
+  expect(wrapper.emitted<[File]>('update:modelValue')![0][0]).toHaveLength(2);
+  expect(wrapper.html()).toMatchSnapshot();
+  expect(wrapper.emitted<[File]>('delete')![0]).toBeTruthy();
+});
+
 test('before-delete prop return false', () => {
   const wrapper = mount(Uploader, {
     props: {
@@ -716,7 +736,7 @@ test('expose reuploadFile method', async () => {
     },
   });
 
-  const {reuploadFile} = (wrapper.vm as UploaderInstance);
+  const { reuploadFile } = wrapper.vm as UploaderInstance;
   expect(reuploadFile).toBeTypeOf('function');
 
   const input = wrapper.find<HTMLInputElement>('.van-uploader__input');