memopt.php

<?php
/*
 * メモリ最適化 CLI - PHP 単一ファイル版
 *
 * 対象: PHP CLI 5.4 以上
 */

define('MEMOPT_VERSION', '1.0.0');

function main($argv)
{
    $parsed = parse_args($argv);
    if (!$parsed['ok']) {
        fwrite(STDERR, $parsed['error'] . PHP_EOL);
        fwrite(STDERR, usage_text());
        return 1;
    }

    $command = $parsed['command'];
    $options = $parsed['options'];
    $config = load_config($options['config']);

    if ($command === 'help') {
        echo usage_text();
        return 0;
    }

    if ($options['top'] < 1) {
        fwrite(STDERR, "--top には 1 以上の数値を指定してください" . PHP_EOL);
        return 1;
    }

    $result = null;
    $format = $options['format'];

    if ($command === 'analyze') {
        $result = collect_analysis($config, $options);
        $format = 'text';
    } elseif ($command === 'recommend') {
        $result = collect_analysis($config, $options);
        $result['recommendations'] = make_recommendations($result, $config);
        $format = 'text';
    } elseif ($command === 'report') {
        $result = collect_analysis($config, $options);
        $result['configs'] = read_known_configs();
        $result['recommendations'] = make_recommendations($result, $config);
    } elseif ($command === 'check-config') {
        $result = array('configs' => read_known_configs());
        $format = 'text';
    } elseif ($command === 'oom-log') {
        $result = array('oom_logs' => read_oom_logs());
        $format = 'text';
    } elseif ($command === 'swapoff-check') {
        $mem = read_meminfo();
        $result = array('swapoff' => check_swapoff_safety($mem, $config));
        $format = 'text';
    } else {
        fwrite(STDERR, "不明なコマンドです: " . $command . PHP_EOL);
        fwrite(STDERR, usage_text());
        return 1;
    }

    $output = render_output($result, $format, $command, $options);
    if ($options['output'] !== '') {
        if (!write_output_file($options['output'], $output)) {
            return 1;
        }
    } else {
        echo $output;
    }

    return 0;
}

function parse_args($argv)
{
    $options = array(
        'top' => 20,
        'format' => 'text',
        'output' => '',
        'no_color' => false,
        'no_emoji' => false,
        'quiet' => false,
        'config' => '',
    );

    $command = 'help';
    $i = 1;
    if (isset($argv[$i]) && substr($argv[$i], 0, 2) !== '--') {
        $command = $argv[$i];
        $i++;
    }

    while ($i < count($argv)) {
        $arg = $argv[$i];
        if ($arg === '--top') {
            if (!isset($argv[$i + 1])) {
                return parse_error("--top には値が必要です");
            }
            $options['top'] = (int)$argv[$i + 1];
            $i += 2;
        } elseif (strpos($arg, '--top=') === 0) {
            $options['top'] = (int)substr($arg, 6);
            $i++;
        } elseif ($arg === '--format') {
            if (!isset($argv[$i + 1])) {
                return parse_error("--format には値が必要です");
            }
            $options['format'] = strtolower($argv[$i + 1]);
            $i += 2;
        } elseif (strpos($arg, '--format=') === 0) {
            $options['format'] = strtolower(substr($arg, 9));
            $i++;
        } elseif ($arg === '--output') {
            if (!isset($argv[$i + 1])) {
                return parse_error("--output には値が必要です");
            }
            $options['output'] = $argv[$i + 1];
            $i += 2;
        } elseif (strpos($arg, '--output=') === 0) {
            $options['output'] = substr($arg, 9);
            $i++;
        } elseif ($arg === '--config') {
            if (!isset($argv[$i + 1])) {
                return parse_error("--config には値が必要です");
            }
            $options['config'] = $argv[$i + 1];
            $i += 2;
        } elseif (strpos($arg, '--config=') === 0) {
            $options['config'] = substr($arg, 9);
            $i++;
        } elseif ($arg === '--no-color') {
            $options['no_color'] = true;
            $i++;
        } elseif ($arg === '--no-emoji') {
            $options['no_emoji'] = true;
            $i++;
        } elseif ($arg === '--quiet') {
            $options['quiet'] = true;
            $i++;
        } else {
            return parse_error("不明なオプションです: " . $arg);
        }
    }

    $commands = array('analyze', 'recommend', 'report', 'check-config', 'oom-log', 'swapoff-check', 'help');
    if (!in_array($command, $commands, true)) {
        return parse_error("不明なコマンドです: " . $command);
    }

    $formats = array('text', 'md', 'csv', 'json');
    if (!in_array($options['format'], $formats, true)) {
        return parse_error("--format は text, md, csv, json のいずれかを指定してください");
    }

    return array('ok' => true, 'command' => $command, 'options' => $options, 'error' => '');
}

function parse_error($message)
{
    return array('ok' => false, 'command' => 'help', 'options' => array(), 'error' => $message);
}

function load_config($path)
{
    $config = array(
        'thresholds' => array(
            'available_warn' => 30,
            'available_crit' => 15,
            'swap_warn' => 30,
            'swap_crit' => 60,
            'min_available_mb_for_swapoff' => 500,
        ),
        'warnings' => array(),
    );

    if ($path === '') {
        return $config;
    }

    $real = realpath($path);
    if ($real === false || !is_file($real) || !is_readable($real)) {
        $config['warnings'][] = "設定ファイルを読み取れません: " . $path;
        return $config;
    }

    $ini = parse_ini_file($real, true);
    if ($ini === false) {
        $config['warnings'][] = "設定ファイルを解析できません: " . $path;
        return $config;
    }

    if (isset($ini['thresholds']) && is_array($ini['thresholds'])) {
        foreach ($config['thresholds'] as $key => $default) {
            if (isset($ini['thresholds'][$key]) && is_numeric($ini['thresholds'][$key])) {
                $config['thresholds'][$key] = (float)$ini['thresholds'][$key];
            }
        }
    }

    return $config;
}

function collect_analysis($config, $options)
{
    $mem = read_meminfo();
    $processes = read_process_memory();
    usort($processes, 'sort_by_swap_desc');
    $services = aggregate_by_service($processes, $mem['total_mb']);
    $summary = memory_status($mem, $config);
    $top = array_slice($processes, 0, $options['top']);

    return array(
        'meta' => array(
            'tool' => 'memopt.php',
            'version' => MEMOPT_VERSION,
            'generated_at' => date('c'),
        ),
        'memory' => $mem,
        'status' => $summary,
        'top_processes' => $top,
        'services' => $services,
        'config_warnings' => $config['warnings'],
    );
}

function read_meminfo()
{
    $path = system_path('/proc/meminfo');
    if (!is_readable($path)) {
        fwrite(STDERR, "エラー: /proc/meminfo を読み取れません" . PHP_EOL);
        exit(2);
    }

    $values = array();
    $lines = file($path, FILE_IGNORE_NEW_LINES);
    foreach ($lines as $line) {
        if (preg_match('/^([A-Za-z_()]+):\s+([0-9]+)/', $line, $m)) {
            $values[$m[1]] = (int)$m[2];
        }
    }

    $total = isset($values['MemTotal']) ? $values['MemTotal'] : 0;
    $free = isset($values['MemFree']) ? $values['MemFree'] : 0;
    $available = isset($values['MemAvailable']) ? $values['MemAvailable'] : ($free + get_value($values, 'Buffers') + get_value($values, 'Cached'));
    $buffers = get_value($values, 'Buffers');
    $cached = get_value($values, 'Cached') + get_value($values, 'SReclaimable');
    $swap_total = get_value($values, 'SwapTotal');
    $swap_free = get_value($values, 'SwapFree');
    $swap_used = max(0, $swap_total - $swap_free);

    return array(
        'total_mb' => kb_to_mb($total),
        'free_mb' => kb_to_mb($free),
        'available_mb' => kb_to_mb($available),
        'buffers_mb' => kb_to_mb($buffers),
        'cached_mb' => kb_to_mb($cached),
        'swap_total_mb' => kb_to_mb($swap_total),
        'swap_free_mb' => kb_to_mb($swap_free),
        'swap_used_mb' => kb_to_mb($swap_used),
        'available_percent' => percent($available, $total),
        'swap_used_percent' => percent($swap_used, $swap_total),
    );
}

function read_process_memory()
{
    $root = system_path('/proc');
    $processes = array();
    if (!is_dir($root)) {
        return $processes;
    }

    $entries = scandir($root);
    foreach ($entries as $entry) {
        if (!ctype_digit($entry)) {
            continue;
        }

        $status_path = $root . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR . $entry . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR . 'status';
        if (!is_readable($status_path)) {
            continue;
        }

        $status = parse_proc_status($status_path);
        $cmdline = read_cmdline($root . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR . $entry . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR . 'cmdline');
        $name = isset($status['Name']) ? $status['Name'] : '';
        $rss = isset($status['VmRSS']) ? kb_to_mb($status['VmRSS']) : 0;
        $swap = isset($status['VmSwap']) ? kb_to_mb($status['VmSwap']) : 0;
        $uid = isset($status['Uid']) ? $status['Uid'] : '';
        $service = detect_service_name($name, $cmdline);

        $processes[] = array(
            'pid' => (int)$entry,
            'name' => $name,
            'cmdline' => $cmdline,
            'uid' => $uid,
            'rss_mb' => $rss,
            'swap_mb' => $swap,
            'service' => $service,
        );
    }

    return $processes;
}

function parse_proc_status($path)
{
    $result = array();
    $lines = file($path, FILE_IGNORE_NEW_LINES);
    foreach ($lines as $line) {
        if (preg_match('/^([A-Za-z_]+):\s*(.*)$/', $line, $m)) {
            $key = $m[1];
            $value = trim($m[2]);
            if ($key === 'VmRSS' || $key === 'VmSwap') {
                if (preg_match('/([0-9]+)/', $value, $n)) {
                    $result[$key] = (int)$n[1];
                }
            } elseif ($key === 'Uid') {
                $parts = preg_split('/\s+/', $value);
                $result[$key] = isset($parts[0]) ? $parts[0] : '';
            } else {
                $result[$key] = $value;
            }
        }
    }
    return $result;
}

function read_cmdline($path)
{
    if (!is_readable($path)) {
        return '';
    }
    $raw = file_get_contents($path);
    if ($raw === false) {
        return '';
    }
    $text = str_replace("\0", ' ', $raw);
    return trim(preg_replace('/\s+/', ' ', $text));
}

function detect_service_name($name, $cmdline)
{
    $haystack = strtolower($name . ' ' . $cmdline);

    if (strpos($haystack, 'clamd') !== false) {
        return 'ClamAV';
    }
    if (strpos($haystack, 'spamd') !== false || strpos($haystack, 'spamassassin') !== false) {
        return 'SpamAssassin';
    }
    if (strpos($haystack, 'amavisd') !== false) {
        return 'Amavis';
    }
    if (strpos($haystack, 'mariadbd') !== false || strpos($haystack, 'mysqld') !== false) {
        return 'MariaDB';
    }
    if (strpos($haystack, 'httpd') !== false || strpos($haystack, 'apache2') !== false) {
        return 'Apache';
    }
    if (strpos($haystack, 'php-fpm') !== false) {
        return 'PHP-FPM';
    }
    if (strpos($haystack, 'postfix') !== false || strpos($haystack, '/postfix/') !== false) {
        return 'Postfix';
    }
    if ($name === 'master' || $name === 'smtpd' || $name === 'qmgr') {
        if (strpos($haystack, 'postfix') !== false || strpos($haystack, '/postfix/') !== false) {
            return 'Postfix';
        }
    }
    if (strpos($haystack, 'dovecot') !== false || strpos($haystack, 'imap-login') !== false || strpos($haystack, 'pop3-login') !== false) {
        return 'Dovecot';
    }
    if (strpos($haystack, 'redis-server') !== false) {
        return 'Redis';
    }
    if (strpos($haystack, 'dockerd') !== false || strpos($haystack, 'containerd') !== false) {
        return 'Docker';
    }

    return 'Other';
}

function aggregate_by_service($processes, $total_memory_mb)
{
    $services = array();
    foreach ($processes as $process) {
        $service = $process['service'];
        if (!isset($services[$service])) {
            $services[$service] = array(
                'service' => $service,
                'procs' => 0,
                'rss_mb' => 0,
                'swap_mb' => 0,
                'total_mb' => 0,
                'status' => '正常',
            );
        }
        $services[$service]['procs']++;
        $services[$service]['rss_mb'] += $process['rss_mb'];
        $services[$service]['swap_mb'] += $process['swap_mb'];
        $services[$service]['total_mb'] += $process['rss_mb'] + $process['swap_mb'];
    }

    foreach ($services as $name => $service) {
        $status = '正常';
        if ($service['swap_mb'] >= 500) {
            $status = '警告';
        } elseif ($total_memory_mb > 0 && $service['total_mb'] > ($total_memory_mb * 0.30)) {
            $status = '警告';
        } elseif ($service['procs'] >= 50) {
            $status = '注意';
        }
        $services[$name]['status'] = $status;
    }

    uasort($services, 'sort_services_desc');
    return array_values($services);
}

function read_known_configs()
{
    $targets = array(
        array('service' => 'ClamAV', 'patterns' => array('/etc/clamd.d/*.conf', '/etc/clamd.conf'), 'keys' => array('MaxThreads', 'ConcurrentDatabaseReload')),
        array('service' => 'SpamAssassin', 'patterns' => array('/etc/sysconfig/spamassassin', '/etc/mail/spamassassin/local.cf'), 'keys' => array('-m', '--max-children', 'required_score')),
        array('service' => 'Amavis', 'patterns' => array('/etc/amavisd/amavisd.conf'), 'keys' => array('$max_servers')),
        array('service' => 'MariaDB', 'patterns' => array('/etc/my.cnf', '/etc/my.cnf.d/*.cnf'), 'keys' => array('innodb_buffer_pool_size', 'max_connections')),
        array('service' => 'Apache', 'patterns' => array('/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf', '/etc/httpd/conf.modules.d/*.conf', '/etc/httpd/conf.d/*.conf'), 'keys' => array('MaxRequestWorkers', 'ServerLimit', 'StartServers', 'ThreadsPerChild')),
        array('service' => 'PHP-FPM', 'patterns' => array('/etc/php-fpm.d/*.conf'), 'keys' => array('pm', 'pm.max_children', 'pm.max_requests')),
        array('service' => 'Postfix', 'patterns' => array('/etc/postfix/main.cf'), 'keys' => array('smtpd_client_connection_count_limit', 'default_process_limit')),
        array('service' => 'Dovecot', 'patterns' => array('/etc/dovecot/dovecot.conf', '/etc/dovecot/conf.d/*.conf'), 'keys' => array('default_process_limit', 'default_client_limit')),
    );

    $results = array();
    foreach ($targets as $target) {
        $values = array();
        $files = array();
        foreach ($target['patterns'] as $pattern) {
            $matched = glob_system_path($pattern);
            foreach ($matched as $file) {
                if (!is_readable($file)) {
                    continue;
                }
                $files[] = display_system_path($file);
                $parsed = parse_config_file($file, $target['service'], $target['keys']);
                foreach ($parsed as $key => $value) {
                    $values[$key] = $value;
                }
            }
        }
        $results[] = array(
            'service' => $target['service'],
            'files' => array_values(array_unique($files)),
            'values' => $values,
            'installed' => count($files) > 0,
        );
    }

    return $results;
}

function parse_config_file($file, $service, $keys)
{
    $values = array();
    $lines = file($file, FILE_IGNORE_NEW_LINES);
    foreach ($lines as $line) {
        $trim = trim($line);
        if ($trim === '' || substr($trim, 0, 1) === '#' || substr($trim, 0, 1) === ';') {
            continue;
        }
        $trim = preg_replace('/\s+#.*$/', '', $trim);

        if ($service === 'SpamAssassin') {
            if (preg_match('/(?:^|\s)(?:-m|--max-children)(?:\s+|=)([0-9]+)/', $trim, $m)) {
                $values['max_children'] = mask_if_sensitive('max_children', $m[1]);
            }
            if (preg_match('/^required_score\s+(.+)$/', $trim, $m)) {
                $values['required_score'] = mask_if_sensitive('required_score', trim($m[1]));
            }
            continue;
        }

        if ($service === 'Amavis') {
            if (preg_match('/^\$max_servers\s*=\s*([^;]+);?/', $trim, $m)) {
                $values['max_servers'] = mask_if_sensitive('max_servers', trim($m[1]));
            }
            continue;
        }

        foreach ($keys as $key) {
            $quoted = preg_quote($key, '/');
            if (preg_match('/^' . $quoted . '\s*(?:=|\s)\s*(.+)$/i', $trim, $m)) {
                $values[$key] = mask_if_sensitive($key, trim($m[1]));
            }
        }
    }
    return $values;
}

function make_recommendations($analysis, $config)
{
    $recommendations = array();
    $memory = $analysis['memory'];
    $services = index_by_service($analysis['services']);
    $configs = isset($analysis['configs']) ? $analysis['configs'] : read_known_configs();
    $config_index = index_configs($configs);

    if ($memory['total_mb'] > 0 && $memory['total_mb'] < 4096) {
        $recommendations[] = recommendation('ClamAV', 'MaxThreads を 1 または 2 に下げる', '小容量メモリ環境では clamd の並列数を抑えるとピークメモリを減らしやすくなります。');
    }

    if ((isset($services['ClamAV']) && $services['ClamAV']['swap_mb'] >= 200) || $memory['swap_used_percent'] >= $config['thresholds']['swap_warn']) {
        $recommendations[] = recommendation('ClamAV', 'ConcurrentDatabaseReload no を検討', 'Swap 使用量が多い状態では、DB リロード時の一時的なメモリ増加が負荷になりやすいためです。');
    }

    if (isset($services['SpamAssassin']) && $services['SpamAssassin']['procs'] > 1 && $services['SpamAssassin']['swap_mb'] >= 100) {
        $recommendations[] = recommendation('SpamAssassin', 'spamd -m 2 を検討', '子プロセス数を抑えることで、ピーク時のメモリ使用量を減らせます。');
    }

    $amavis_max = config_number($config_index, 'Amavis', 'max_servers');
    if ($amavis_max !== null && $amavis_max >= 4) {
        $recommendations[] = recommendation('Amavis', '$max_servers = 2 を検討', '小規模メールサーバーでは Amavis の子プロセスがメモリを圧迫しやすいためです。');
    }

    if (isset($services['PHP-FPM']) && $services['PHP-FPM']['procs'] > 0 && $services['PHP-FPM']['rss_mb'] > 0) {
        $avg = $services['PHP-FPM']['rss_mb'] / $services['PHP-FPM']['procs'];
        $alloc = max(128, min(1024, floor($memory['total_mb'] * 0.15)));
        $children = (int)floor($alloc / max(1, $avg));
        $children = max(2, min(30, $children));
        $recommendations[] = recommendation('PHP-FPM', 'pm.max_children は ' . $children . ' 前後', 'PHP-FPM の平均 RSS ' . format_mb($avg) . ' MB、割当目安 ' . format_mb($alloc) . ' MB から概算しました。');
    }

    $apache_workers = config_number($config_index, 'Apache', 'MaxRequestWorkers');
    if ($apache_workers !== null && $apache_workers > 100) {
        $recommendations[] = recommendation('Apache', 'MaxRequestWorkers を PHP-FPM の pm.max_children と合わせて見直す', 'PHP-FPM が詰まっている場合、Apache 側の同時接続数だけを増やしても改善しにくいためです。');
    }

    if ($memory['total_mb'] > 0 && $memory['total_mb'] < 2048) {
        $recommendations[] = recommendation('MariaDB', 'innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M から 256M 程度', 'RAM が少ないサーバーでは MariaDB のバッファプールを控えめにするのが安全です。');
    } elseif ($memory['total_mb'] > 0 && $memory['total_mb'] <= 4096) {
        $recommendations[] = recommendation('MariaDB', 'innodb_buffer_pool_size = 512M から 1G 程度', '4GB 前後のサーバーでは、負荷を確認しながら上限を決めるのが安全です。');
    }

    if (isset($services['Docker']) && $services['Docker']['procs'] > 0) {
        $recommendations[] = recommendation('Docker', 'このサーバーで Docker が必要か確認する', '未使用であればコンテナ停止によりメモリを解放できる可能性があります。このツールは停止操作を行いません。');
    }

    if (count($recommendations) === 0) {
        $recommendations[] = recommendation('全般', '緊急度の高い調整候補は検出されませんでした', '現在の値は初期版の保守的な判定ルールに該当していません。');
    }

    return $recommendations;
}

function read_oom_logs()
{
    $entries = array();
    $sources = array();

    if (getenv('MEMOPT_LOG_ROOT') === false || getenv('MEMOPT_LOG_ROOT') === '') {
        if (stripos(PHP_OS, 'WIN') !== 0 && function_exists('shell_exec')) {
            $journal = @shell_exec('journalctl -k --no-pager 2>/dev/null');
            if (is_string($journal) && $journal !== '') {
                $entries = array_merge($entries, extract_oom_lines($journal, 'journalctl'));
                $sources[] = 'journalctl';
            }
        }
    }

    $log_files = array('/var/log/messages', '/var/log/dmesg');
    foreach ($log_files as $log_file) {
        $path = system_path($log_file);
        if (is_readable($path)) {
            $content = file_get_contents($path);
            if ($content !== false) {
                $entries = array_merge($entries, extract_oom_lines($content, $log_file));
                $sources[] = $log_file;
            }
        }
    }

    return array(
        'sources' => array_values(array_unique($sources)),
        'entries' => array_slice($entries, -50),
        'readable' => count($sources) > 0,
    );
}

function extract_oom_lines($content, $source)
{
    $entries = array();
    $lines = preg_split('/\r\n|\r|\n/', $content);
    foreach ($lines as $line) {
        if (stripos($line, 'Out of memory') !== false || stripos($line, 'Killed process') !== false || stripos($line, 'oom-killer') !== false) {
            $entries[] = array('source' => $source, 'line' => trim($line));
        }
    }
    return $entries;
}

function check_swapoff_safety($mem, $config)
{
    $margin = $config['thresholds']['min_available_mb_for_swapoff'];
    $required = $mem['swap_used_mb'] + $margin;
    $safe = $mem['available_mb'] >= $required;

    return array(
        'available_mb' => $mem['available_mb'],
        'swap_used_mb' => $mem['swap_used_mb'],
        'required_margin_mb' => $margin,
        'required_available_mb' => $required,
        'safe' => $safe,
        'reference_command' => 'sudo swapoff -a && sudo swapon -a',
    );
}

function render_output($result, $format, $command, $options)
{
    if ($format === 'json') {
        return render_json($result);
    }
    if ($format === 'md') {
        return render_markdown($result, $command);
    }
    if ($format === 'csv') {
        return render_csv($result);
    }
    return render_text($result, $command, $options);
}

function render_text($result, $command, $options)
{
    $out = '';
    if (isset($result['memory'])) {
        $m = $result['memory'];
        $s = $result['status'];
        $out .= "[メモリ概要]" . PHP_EOL;
        $out .= sprintf("物理メモリ合計 : %s MB%s", format_mb($m['total_mb']), PHP_EOL);
        $out .= sprintf("利用可能メモリ : %s MB (%s%%) %s%s", format_mb($m['available_mb']), format_percent($m['available_percent']), $s['available_status'], PHP_EOL);
        $out .= sprintf("Swap 使用量    : %s MB (%s%%) %s%s", format_mb($m['swap_used_mb']), format_percent($m['swap_used_percent']), $s['swap_status'], PHP_EOL);
        $out .= sprintf("総合判定       : %s%s%s", $s['overall'], PHP_EOL, PHP_EOL);
    }

    if (isset($result['services'])) {
        $out .= "[サービス別メモリ使用量]" . PHP_EOL;
        $out .= sprintf("%-16s %5s %8s %9s %9s %s%s", "サービス", "数", "RSS(MB)", "SWAP(MB)", "合計(MB)", "判定", PHP_EOL);
        foreach ($result['services'] as $svc) {
            $out .= sprintf("%-16s %5d %8s %9s %9s %s%s", $svc['service'], $svc['procs'], format_mb($svc['rss_mb']), format_mb($svc['swap_mb']), format_mb($svc['total_mb']), $svc['status'], PHP_EOL);
        }
        $out .= PHP_EOL;
    }

    if (isset($result['top_processes'])) {
        $out .= "[Swap 使用上位プロセス]" . PHP_EOL;
        $out .= sprintf("%4s %7s %-16s %-18s %8s %9s%s", "順位", "PID", "サービス", "プロセス", "RSS(MB)", "SWAP(MB)", PHP_EOL);
        $rank = 1;
        foreach ($result['top_processes'] as $proc) {
            $out .= sprintf("%4d %7d %-16s %-18s %8s %9s%s", $rank, $proc['pid'], $proc['service'], limit_text($proc['name'], 18), format_mb($proc['rss_mb']), format_mb($proc['swap_mb']), PHP_EOL);
            $rank++;
        }
        $out .= PHP_EOL;
    }

    if (isset($result['recommendations'])) {
        $out .= "[推奨]" . PHP_EOL;
        foreach ($result['recommendations'] as $rec) {
            $out .= $rec['service'] . ": " . $rec['recommendation'] . PHP_EOL;
            $out .= "  理由: " . $rec['reason'] . PHP_EOL;
        }
        $out .= PHP_EOL;
    }

    if (isset($result['configs'])) {
        $out .= "[設定ファイル確認]" . PHP_EOL;
        foreach ($result['configs'] as $cfg) {
            $out .= $cfg['service'] . ": " . ($cfg['installed'] ? '検出' : '未検出') . PHP_EOL;
            if ($cfg['installed']) {
                $out .= "  ファイル: " . implode(', ', $cfg['files']) . PHP_EOL;
            }
            foreach ($cfg['values'] as $key => $value) {
                $out .= "  " . $key . " = " . $value . PHP_EOL;
            }
        }
        $out .= PHP_EOL;
    }

    if (isset($result['oom_logs'])) {
        $oom = $result['oom_logs'];
        $out .= "[OOM kill 履歴]" . PHP_EOL;
        if (!$oom['readable']) {
            $out .= "読み取り可能な journal またはログファイルが見つかりませんでした。" . PHP_EOL;
        } elseif (count($oom['entries']) === 0) {
            $out .= "読み取り可能なログ内に OOM 関連行は見つかりませんでした。" . PHP_EOL;
        } else {
            foreach ($oom['entries'] as $entry) {
                $out .= "[" . $entry['source'] . "] " . $entry['line'] . PHP_EOL;
            }
        }
        $out .= PHP_EOL;
    }

    if (isset($result['swapoff'])) {
        $sw = $result['swapoff'];
        $out .= "[Swap 解放チェック]" . PHP_EOL;
        $out .= "利用可能メモリ : " . format_mb($sw['available_mb']) . " MB" . PHP_EOL;
        $out .= "Swap 使用量    : " . format_mb($sw['swap_used_mb']) . " MB" . PHP_EOL;
        $out .= "必要安全余力   : " . format_mb($sw['required_margin_mb']) . " MB" . PHP_EOL;
        $out .= "判定           : " . ($sw['safe'] ? '実行可能と思われます' : '推奨しません') . PHP_EOL;
        $out .= "参考コマンド   : " . $sw['reference_command'] . PHP_EOL . PHP_EOL;
    }

    if (isset($result['memory']) && $command === 'analyze') {
        $out .= "[次の確認]" . PHP_EOL;
        $out .= "1. php memopt.php recommend" . PHP_EOL;
        $out .= "2. ClamAV / SpamAssassin / Amavis の並列数設定を確認してください。" . PHP_EOL;
        $out .= "3. swapoff を検討する前に php memopt.php swapoff-check で安全判定してください。" . PHP_EOL;
    }

    return $out;
}

function render_markdown($result, $command)
{
    $out = "# メモリ最適化レポート" . PHP_EOL . PHP_EOL;
    if (isset($result['meta'])) {
        $out .= "- 生成日時: " . $result['meta']['generated_at'] . PHP_EOL;
        $out .= "- ツール: " . $result['meta']['tool'] . " " . $result['meta']['version'] . PHP_EOL . PHP_EOL;
    }
    if (isset($result['memory'])) {
        $m = $result['memory'];
        $s = $result['status'];
        $out .= "## 概要" . PHP_EOL . PHP_EOL;
        $out .= "- 物理メモリ合計: " . format_mb($m['total_mb']) . " MB" . PHP_EOL;
        $out .= "- 利用可能メモリ: " . format_mb($m['available_mb']) . " MB (" . format_percent($m['available_percent']) . "%)" . PHP_EOL;
        $out .= "- Swap 使用量: " . format_mb($m['swap_used_mb']) . " MB (" . format_percent($m['swap_used_percent']) . "%)" . PHP_EOL;
        $out .= "- 総合判定: " . $s['overall'] . PHP_EOL . PHP_EOL;
    }
    if (isset($result['services'])) {
        $out .= "## サービス別メモリ使用量" . PHP_EOL . PHP_EOL;
        $out .= "| サービス | プロセス数 | RSS MB | Swap MB | 合計 MB | 判定 |" . PHP_EOL;
        $out .= "|---|---:|---:|---:|---:|---|" . PHP_EOL;
        foreach ($result['services'] as $svc) {
            $out .= "| " . $svc['service'] . " | " . $svc['procs'] . " | " . format_mb($svc['rss_mb']) . " | " . format_mb($svc['swap_mb']) . " | " . format_mb($svc['total_mb']) . " | " . $svc['status'] . " |" . PHP_EOL;
        }
        $out .= PHP_EOL;
    }
    if (isset($result['top_processes'])) {
        $out .= "## Swap 使用上位プロセス" . PHP_EOL . PHP_EOL;
        $out .= "| PID | サービス | プロセス | RSS MB | Swap MB |" . PHP_EOL;
        $out .= "|---:|---|---|---:|---:|" . PHP_EOL;
        foreach ($result['top_processes'] as $proc) {
            $out .= "| " . $proc['pid'] . " | " . $proc['service'] . " | " . markdown_escape($proc['name']) . " | " . format_mb($proc['rss_mb']) . " | " . format_mb($proc['swap_mb']) . " |" . PHP_EOL;
        }
        $out .= PHP_EOL;
    }
    if (isset($result['recommendations'])) {
        $out .= "## 推奨" . PHP_EOL . PHP_EOL;
        foreach ($result['recommendations'] as $rec) {
            $out .= "- " . $rec['service'] . ": " . $rec['recommendation'] . " - " . $rec['reason'] . PHP_EOL;
        }
        $out .= PHP_EOL;
    }
    if (isset($result['configs'])) {
        $out .= "## 設定ファイル確認" . PHP_EOL . PHP_EOL;
        foreach ($result['configs'] as $cfg) {
            $out .= "### " . $cfg['service'] . PHP_EOL . PHP_EOL;
            $out .= "- 状態: " . ($cfg['installed'] ? '検出' : '未検出') . PHP_EOL;
            if ($cfg['installed']) {
                $out .= "- ファイル: " . implode(', ', $cfg['files']) . PHP_EOL;
            }
            foreach ($cfg['values'] as $key => $value) {
                $out .= "- " . $key . ": " . $value . PHP_EOL;
            }
            $out .= PHP_EOL;
        }
    }
    return $out;
}

function render_csv($result)
{
    $rows = array();
    if (isset($result['services'])) {
        $rows[] = array('種別', 'サービス', 'プロセス数', 'rss_mb', 'swap_mb', '合計_mb', '判定');
        foreach ($result['services'] as $svc) {
            $rows[] = array('サービス', $svc['service'], $svc['procs'], format_mb($svc['rss_mb']), format_mb($svc['swap_mb']), format_mb($svc['total_mb']), $svc['status']);
        }
    }
    if (isset($result['top_processes'])) {
        $rows[] = array('種別', 'pid', 'サービス', 'プロセス', 'rss_mb', 'swap_mb');
        foreach ($result['top_processes'] as $proc) {
            $rows[] = array('プロセス', $proc['pid'], $proc['service'], $proc['name'], format_mb($proc['rss_mb']), format_mb($proc['swap_mb']));
        }
    }
    if (isset($result['recommendations'])) {
        $rows[] = array('種別', 'サービス', '推奨', '理由');
        foreach ($result['recommendations'] as $rec) {
            $rows[] = array('推奨', $rec['service'], $rec['recommendation'], $rec['reason']);
        }
    }

    $out = '';
    foreach ($rows as $row) {
        $escaped = array();
        foreach ($row as $field) {
            $escaped[] = csv_escape($field);
        }
        $out .= implode(',', $escaped) . PHP_EOL;
    }
    return $out;
}

function render_json($result)
{
    $flags = 0;
    if (defined('JSON_PRETTY_PRINT')) {
        $flags |= JSON_PRETTY_PRINT;
    }
    if (defined('JSON_UNESCAPED_SLASHES')) {
        $flags |= JSON_UNESCAPED_SLASHES;
    }
    if (defined('JSON_UNESCAPED_UNICODE')) {
        $flags |= JSON_UNESCAPED_UNICODE;
    }
    return json_encode($result, $flags) . PHP_EOL;
}

function write_output_file($path, $content)
{
    $dir = dirname($path);
    $real_dir = realpath($dir);
    if ($real_dir === false || !is_dir($real_dir) || !is_writable($real_dir)) {
        fwrite(STDERR, "エラー: 出力先ディレクトリに書き込めません: " . $dir . PHP_EOL);
        return false;
    }
    $target = $real_dir . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR . basename($path);
    if (file_put_contents($target, $content) === false) {
        fwrite(STDERR, "エラー: 出力ファイルの書き込みに失敗しました: " . $target . PHP_EOL);
        return false;
    }
    return true;
}

function memory_status($mem, $config)
{
    $t = $config['thresholds'];
    $available = '正常';
    if ($mem['available_percent'] < $t['available_crit']) {
        $available = '警告';
    } elseif ($mem['available_percent'] < $t['available_warn']) {
        $available = '注意';
    }

    $swap = '正常';
    if ($mem['swap_used_percent'] >= $t['swap_crit']) {
        $swap = '警告';
    } elseif ($mem['swap_used_percent'] >= $t['swap_warn']) {
        $swap = '注意';
    }

    $overall = '正常';
    if ($available === '警告' || $swap === '警告') {
        $overall = '警告';
    } elseif ($available === '注意' || $swap === '注意') {
        $overall = '注意';
    }

    return array(
        'available_status' => $available,
        'swap_status' => $swap,
        'overall' => $overall,
    );
}

function system_path($path)
{
    if (strpos($path, '/proc') === 0) {
        $root = getenv('MEMOPT_PROC_ROOT');
        if ($root !== false && $root !== '') {
            return rtrim($root, "\\/") . str_replace('/', DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR, substr($path, 5));
        }
    }
    if (strpos($path, '/etc') === 0) {
        $root = getenv('MEMOPT_ETC_ROOT');
        if ($root !== false && $root !== '') {
            return rtrim($root, "\\/") . str_replace('/', DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR, substr($path, 4));
        }
    }
    if (strpos($path, '/var/log') === 0) {
        $root = getenv('MEMOPT_LOG_ROOT');
        if ($root !== false && $root !== '') {
            return rtrim($root, "\\/") . str_replace('/', DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR, substr($path, 8));
        }
    }
    return $path;
}

function glob_system_path($pattern)
{
    $mapped = system_path($pattern);
    $matches = glob($mapped);
    if ($matches === false) {
        return array();
    }
    return $matches;
}

function display_system_path($path)
{
    $roots = array(
        array('env' => 'MEMOPT_PROC_ROOT', 'prefix' => '/proc'),
        array('env' => 'MEMOPT_ETC_ROOT', 'prefix' => '/etc'),
        array('env' => 'MEMOPT_LOG_ROOT', 'prefix' => '/var/log'),
    );
    foreach ($roots as $item) {
        $root = getenv($item['env']);
        if ($root !== false && $root !== '') {
            $root = rtrim($root, "\\/");
            if (strpos($path, $root) === 0) {
                $suffix = substr($path, strlen($root));
                $suffix = str_replace(DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR, '/', $suffix);
                return $item['prefix'] . $suffix;
            }
        }
    }
    return $path;
}

function recommendation($service, $recommendation, $reason)
{
    return array('service' => $service, 'recommendation' => $recommendation, 'reason' => $reason);
}

function config_number($config_index, $service, $key)
{
    if (!isset($config_index[$service]) || !isset($config_index[$service][$key])) {
        return null;
    }
    if (preg_match('/([0-9]+)/', $config_index[$service][$key], $m)) {
        return (int)$m[1];
    }
    return null;
}

function index_configs($configs)
{
    $index = array();
    foreach ($configs as $cfg) {
        $index[$cfg['service']] = $cfg['values'];
    }
    return $index;
}

function index_by_service($services)
{
    $index = array();
    foreach ($services as $svc) {
        $index[$svc['service']] = $svc;
    }
    return $index;
}

function mask_if_sensitive($key, $value)
{
    $lower = strtolower($key);
    $sensitive = array('password', 'passwd', 'secret', 'token', 'key', 'user');
    foreach ($sensitive as $needle) {
        if (strpos($lower, $needle) !== false) {
            return '***';
        }
    }
    return $value;
}

function sort_by_swap_desc($a, $b)
{
    if ($a['swap_mb'] == $b['swap_mb']) {
        return $b['rss_mb'] - $a['rss_mb'];
    }
    return $b['swap_mb'] - $a['swap_mb'];
}

function sort_services_desc($a, $b)
{
    if ($a['total_mb'] == $b['total_mb']) {
        return strcmp($a['service'], $b['service']);
    }
    return $b['total_mb'] - $a['total_mb'];
}

function get_value($values, $key)
{
    return isset($values[$key]) ? $values[$key] : 0;
}

function kb_to_mb($kb)
{
    return round($kb / 1024, 1);
}

function percent($part, $total)
{
    if ($total <= 0) {
        return 0;
    }
    return round(($part / $total) * 100, 1);
}

function format_mb($value)
{
    if (abs($value - round($value)) < 0.05) {
        return number_format(round($value), 0);
    }
    return number_format($value, 1);
}

function format_percent($value)
{
    if (abs($value - round($value)) < 0.05) {
        return number_format(round($value), 0);
    }
    return number_format($value, 1);
}

function limit_text($text, $length)
{
    if (strlen($text) <= $length) {
        return $text;
    }
    return substr($text, 0, max(0, $length - 1)) . '~';
}

function markdown_escape($text)
{
    return str_replace('|', '\\|', $text);
}

function csv_escape($value)
{
    $value = (string)$value;
    if (strpos($value, '"') !== false || strpos($value, ',') !== false || strpos($value, "\n") !== false || strpos($value, "\r") !== false) {
        return '"' . str_replace('"', '""', $value) . '"';
    }
    return $value;
}

function usage_text()
{
    return "使い方: php memopt.php <command> [options]" . PHP_EOL .
        PHP_EOL .
        "コマンド:" . PHP_EOL .
        "  analyze          メモリ、Swap、プロセス、サービス別集計を表示します" . PHP_EOL .
        "  recommend        設定を変更せず、保守的な改善候補を表示します" . PHP_EOL .
        "  report           text / md / csv / json 形式でレポートを出力します" . PHP_EOL .
        "  check-config     主要サービスの設定ファイルと代表値を確認します" . PHP_EOL .
        "  oom-log          OOM kill 履歴を検索します" . PHP_EOL .
        "  swapoff-check    swapoff を手動実行できそうか安全判定だけ行います" . PHP_EOL .
        "  help             このヘルプを表示します" . PHP_EOL .
        PHP_EOL .
        "オプション:" . PHP_EOL .
        "  --top <n>              Swap 使用上位プロセスの表示件数です（既定: 20）" . PHP_EOL .
        "  --format <text|md|csv|json>  レポート形式です（既定: text）" . PHP_EOL .
        "  --output <file>        レポートをファイルへ書き込みます" . PHP_EOL .
        "  --config <file>        任意の ini 設定ファイルからしきい値を読みます" . PHP_EOL .
        "  --no-color             互換用オプションです。このツールは常にプレーンテキストです" . PHP_EOL .
        "  --no-emoji             互換用オプションです。このツールは絵文字を使いません" . PHP_EOL .
        "  --quiet                簡潔出力用の予約オプションです" . PHP_EOL;
}

exit(main($argv));