diff --git a/.changeset/olive-donkeys-repeat.md b/.changeset/olive-donkeys-repeat.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..39035fc2b0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.changeset/olive-donkeys-repeat.md
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+"rrweb-snapshot": patch
+---
+
+Fix `<style>` rules being dropped on replay when a mutation inserts a text node between two `_cssText` splits. The split points recorded by `markCssSplits` regularly land in the middle of a rule, which produces invalid css once a sibling is inserted between the parts; `applyCssSplits` now moves each split point forward to the end of the rule it lands in.
diff --git a/packages/plugins/rrweb-plugin-network-record/tsconfig.json b/packages/plugins/rrweb-plugin-network-record/tsconfig.json
index b70866e1ab..fc5391c651 100644
--- a/packages/plugins/rrweb-plugin-network-record/tsconfig.json
+++ b/packages/plugins/rrweb-plugin-network-record/tsconfig.json
@@ -1,7 +1,13 @@
 {
   "extends": "../../../tsconfig.base.json",
-  "include": ["src"],
-  "exclude": ["vite.config.ts", "vitest.config.ts", "test"],
+  "include": [
+    "src"
+  ],
+  "exclude": [
+    "vite.config.ts",
+    "vitest.config.ts",
+    "test"
+  ],
   "compilerOptions": {
     "rootDir": "src",
     "tsBuildInfoFile": "./tsconfig.tsbuildinfo"
@@ -12,6 +18,9 @@
     },
     {
       "path": "../../utils"
+    },
+    {
+      "path": "../../rrweb"
     }
   ]
 }
diff --git a/packages/plugins/rrweb-plugin-network-replay/tsconfig.json b/packages/plugins/rrweb-plugin-network-replay/tsconfig.json
index dd9ef0fc92..8d73f951ee 100644
--- a/packages/plugins/rrweb-plugin-network-replay/tsconfig.json
+++ b/packages/plugins/rrweb-plugin-network-replay/tsconfig.json
@@ -1,17 +1,25 @@
 {
   "extends": "../../../tsconfig.base.json",
-  "include": ["src"],
-  "exclude": ["vite.config.ts", "test"],
+  "include": [
+    "src"
+  ],
+  "exclude": [
+    "vite.config.ts",
+    "test"
+  ],
   "compilerOptions": {
     "rootDir": "src",
     "tsBuildInfoFile": "./tsconfig.tsbuildinfo"
   },
   "references": [
+    {
+      "path": "../rrweb-plugin-network-record"
+    },
     {
       "path": "../../types"
     },
     {
-      "path": "../rrweb-plugin-network-record"
+      "path": "../../rrweb"
     }
   ]
 }
diff --git a/packages/rrweb-snapshot/src/rebuild-utils.ts b/packages/rrweb-snapshot/src/rebuild-utils.ts
index da4a0f6704..07696de0f6 100644
--- a/packages/rrweb-snapshot/src/rebuild-utils.ts
+++ b/packages/rrweb-snapshot/src/rebuild-utils.ts
@@ -11,4 +11,7 @@ export {
   Mirror,
   isNodeMetaEqual,
   extractFileExtension,
+  cssRuleBoundaries,
+  nextCssRuleBoundary,
+  snapCssSplitsToRuleBoundaries,
 } from './utils';
diff --git a/packages/rrweb-snapshot/src/rebuild.ts b/packages/rrweb-snapshot/src/rebuild.ts
index a6ef85f01b..daae13e9e9 100644
--- a/packages/rrweb-snapshot/src/rebuild.ts
+++ b/packages/rrweb-snapshot/src/rebuild.ts
@@ -12,6 +12,9 @@ import {
   Mirror,
   isNodeMetaEqual,
   extractFileExtension,
+  cssRuleBoundaries,
+  nextCssRuleBoundary,
+  snapCssSplitsToRuleBoundaries,
 } from './rebuild-utils';
 import postcss from 'postcss';
 
@@ -206,7 +209,7 @@ export function applyCssSplits(
       childTextNodes.push(scn);
     }
   }
-  const cssTextSplits = cssText.split('/* rr_split */');
+  let cssTextSplits = cssText.split('/* rr_split */');
   while (
     cssTextSplits.length > 1 &&
     cssTextSplits.length > childTextNodes.length
@@ -214,9 +217,16 @@ export function applyCssSplits(
     // unexpected: remerge the last two so that we don't discard any css
     cssTextSplits.splice(-2, 2, cssTextSplits.slice(-2).join(''));
   }
+  // the split points recorded by `markCssSplits` regularly land in the middle
+  // of a rule; move them to the end of that rule so that a sibling inserted
+  // between two of these text nodes by a later mutation can't cut a rule in
+  // half (see `snapCssSplitsToRuleBoundaries`)
+  cssTextSplits = snapCssSplitsToRuleBoundaries(cssTextSplits);
   let adaptedCss = '';
+  let adaptedBoundaries: number[] = [];
   if (hackCss) {
     adaptedCss = adaptCssForReplay(cssTextSplits.join(''), cache);
+    adaptedBoundaries = cssRuleBoundaries(adaptedCss);
   }
   let startIndex = 0;
   for (let i = 0; i < childTextNodes.length; i++) {
@@ -248,6 +258,13 @@ export function applyCssSplits(
         // something went wrong, put a similar sized chunk in the right place
         endIndex += cssTextSplits[i].length;
       }
+      // `adaptCssForReplay` rewrites selectors, so the split point has to be
+      // re-aligned with the rewritten css as well
+      endIndex = nextCssRuleBoundary(
+        adaptedBoundaries,
+        endIndex,
+        adaptedCss.length,
+      );
       childTextNode.textContent = adaptedCss.substring(startIndex, endIndex);
       startIndex = endIndex;
     } else {
diff --git a/packages/rrweb-snapshot/src/utils.ts b/packages/rrweb-snapshot/src/utils.ts
index fa6336dad6..4a331cff96 100644
--- a/packages/rrweb-snapshot/src/utils.ts
+++ b/packages/rrweb-snapshot/src/utils.ts
@@ -608,3 +608,81 @@ export function markCssSplits(
 ): string {
   return splitCssText(cssText, style).join('/* rr_split */');
 }
+
+/**
+ * Offsets just past the end of each top-level css rule (i.e. just after a `}`
+ * which closes back to depth zero). Braces inside strings and comments are
+ * not counted.
+ */
+export function cssRuleBoundaries(cssText: string): number[] {
+  const boundaries: number[] = [];
+  let depth = 0;
+  let quote: string | null = null;
+  for (let i = 0; i < cssText.length; i++) {
+    const char = cssText[i];
+    if (quote !== null) {
+      if (char === '\\') i++;
+      else if (char === quote) quote = null;
+      continue;
+    }
+    if (char === '"' || char === "'") {
+      quote = char;
+    } else if (char === '/' && cssText[i + 1] === '*') {
+      const end = cssText.indexOf('*/', i + 2);
+      i = end === -1 ? cssText.length : end + 1;
+    } else if (char === '{') {
+      depth++;
+    } else if (char === '}') {
+      depth = Math.max(0, depth - 1);
+      if (depth === 0) boundaries.push(i + 1);
+    }
+  }
+  return boundaries;
+}
+
+/**
+ * The first rule boundary at or after `index`, or the end of the string.
+ */
+export function nextCssRuleBoundary(
+  boundaries: number[],
+  index: number,
+  end: number,
+): number {
+  return boundaries.find((boundary) => boundary >= index) ?? end;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Move each split point forward to the end of the rule it lands in.
+ *
+ * `splitCssText` locates the split points by searching for each text node's
+ * content inside the browser-serialized stylesheet, so a split point regularly
+ * lands in the middle of a rule (e.g. after `color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.84`).
+ * That is harmless while the parts stay adjacent, but keeping the parts
+ * separate is only worthwhile because later mutations can insert siblings
+ * between them — and a rule cut in half around an inserted sibling is invalid
+ * css. The browser then goes looking for the closing brace and drops every
+ * rule until it recovers.
+ *
+ * The exact position of a split point is a guess to begin with, so nothing is
+ * lost by moving it to the next rule boundary.
+ */
+export function snapCssSplitsToRuleBoundaries(splits: string[]): string[] {
+  if (splits.length < 2) return splits;
+  const cssText = splits.join('');
+  const boundaries = cssRuleBoundaries(cssText);
+  const snapped: string[] = [];
+  let from = 0;
+  let at = 0;
+  for (let i = 0; i < splits.length - 1; i++) {
+    at += splits[i].length;
+    const boundary = nextCssRuleBoundary(
+      boundaries,
+      Math.max(at, from),
+      cssText.length,
+    );
+    snapped.push(cssText.substring(from, boundary));
+    from = boundary;
+  }
+  snapped.push(cssText.substring(from));
+  return snapped;
+}
diff --git a/packages/rrweb-snapshot/test/css.test.ts b/packages/rrweb-snapshot/test/css.test.ts
index cd7bdbb596..0b18acd6b0 100644
--- a/packages/rrweb-snapshot/test/css.test.ts
+++ b/packages/rrweb-snapshot/test/css.test.ts
@@ -5,7 +5,11 @@ import { describe, it, beforeEach, expect } from 'vitest';
 import { mediaSelectorPlugin, pseudoClassPlugin } from '../src/css';
 import postcss, { type AcceptedPlugin } from 'postcss';
 import { JSDOM } from 'jsdom';
-import { splitCssText, stringifyStylesheet } from './../src/utils';
+import {
+  snapCssSplitsToRuleBoundaries,
+  splitCssText,
+  stringifyStylesheet,
+} from './../src/utils';
 import { applyCssSplits } from './../src/rebuild';
 import * as fs from 'fs';
 import * as path from 'path';
@@ -408,13 +412,74 @@ describe('applyCssSplits css rejoiner', function () {
       '/* rr_split */',
     );
     applyCssSplits(sn3, markedCssText, true, mockLastUnusedArg);
+    // the split points move to the end of the rule they landed in, so each
+    // text node holds whole rules rather than half of one
     expect((sn3.childNodes[0] as textNode).textContent).toEqual(
-      badStartThird.replace('.a:hover', '.a:hover,\n.a.\\:hover'),
+      '.a:hover,\n.a.\\:hover { background-color: red; }',
     );
     expect((sn3.childNodes[1] as textNode).textContent).toEqual(
-      badMidThird.replace('input:hover', 'input:hover,\ninput.\\:hover'),
+      ' input:hover,\ninput.\\:hover {border: 1px solid purple; }',
+    );
+    expect((sn3.childNodes[2] as textNode).textContent).toEqual('');
+    expect(
+      (sn3.childNodes[0] as textNode).textContent +
+        (sn3.childNodes[1] as textNode).textContent +
+        (sn3.childNodes[2] as textNode).textContent,
+    ).toEqual(
+      [badStartThird, badMidThird, badEndThird]
+        .join('')
+        .replace('.a:hover', '.a:hover,\n.a.\\:hover')
+        .replace('input:hover', 'input:hover,\ninput.\\:hover'),
+    );
+  });
+
+  it('moves a split point which lands inside a rule to the end of that rule', () => {
+    const markedCssText = [
+      '.a { color: red; }.b { col',
+      'or: green; }.c { color: blue; }',
+    ].join('/* rr_split */');
+    applyCssSplits(sn, markedCssText, false, mockLastUnusedArg);
+    expect((sn.childNodes[0] as textNode).textContent).toEqual(
+      '.a { color: red; }.b { color: green; }',
+    );
+    expect((sn.childNodes[1] as textNode).textContent).toEqual(
+      '.c { color: blue; }',
+    );
+  });
+
+  it('survives a sibling text node being inserted between the splits', () => {
+    // a later mutation can insert a text node between these two, which is the
+    // whole reason the split is preserved; the css has to stay valid when it
+    // does
+    const markedCssText = [
+      '.a { color: red; }.b { col',
+      'or: green; }.c { color: blue; }',
+    ].join('/* rr_split */');
+    applyCssSplits(sn, markedCssText, false, mockLastUnusedArg);
+    const inserted = '.inserted { color: pink; }';
+    expect(
+      (sn.childNodes[0] as textNode).textContent +
+        inserted +
+        (sn.childNodes[1] as textNode).textContent,
+    ).toEqual(
+      '.a { color: red; }.b { color: green; }' +
+        inserted +
+        '.c { color: blue; }',
+    );
+  });
+
+  it('does not mistake braces inside strings for the end of a rule', () => {
+    const markedCssText = [
+      '.a::after { content: "}',
+      '"; }.b { color: red; }',
+    ].join('/* rr_split */');
+    applyCssSplits(sn, markedCssText, false, mockLastUnusedArg);
+    expect((sn.childNodes[0] as textNode).textContent).toEqual(
+      '.a::after { content: "}"; }',
+    );
+    expect((sn.childNodes[1] as textNode).textContent).toEqual(
+      '.b { color: red; }',
     );
-    expect((sn3.childNodes[2] as textNode).textContent).toEqual(badEndThird);
   });
 
   it('maintains entire css text when there are too few child nodes', () => {
@@ -434,3 +499,49 @@ describe('applyCssSplits css rejoiner', function () {
     );
   });
 });
+
+describe('snapCssSplitsToRuleBoundaries', function () {
+  it('leaves splits which already sit on a rule boundary alone', () => {
+    const splits = ['.a { color: red; }', '.b { color: green; }'];
+    expect(snapCssSplitsToRuleBoundaries(splits)).toEqual(splits);
+  });
+
+  it('moves a split point forward to the end of the rule', () => {
+    expect(
+      snapCssSplitsToRuleBoundaries([
+        '.a { col',
+        'or: red; }.b { color: green; }',
+      ]),
+    ).toEqual(['.a { color: red; }', '.b { color: green; }']);
+  });
+
+  it('ignores braces inside strings and comments', () => {
+    expect(
+      snapCssSplitsToRuleBoundaries([
+        '.a { content: "}"; /* } */ ',
+        '}.b { color: red; }',
+      ]),
+    ).toEqual(['.a { content: "}"; /* } */ }', '.b { color: red; }']);
+  });
+
+  it('keeps nested at-rules together', () => {
+    expect(
+      snapCssSplitsToRuleBoundaries([
+        '@media print { .a { color',
+        ': red; } }.b { color: green; }',
+      ]),
+    ).toEqual(['@media print { .a { color: red; } }', '.b { color: green; }']);
+  });
+
+  it('empties trailing splits when everything snapped into an earlier one', () => {
+    expect(
+      snapCssSplitsToRuleBoundaries(['.a { col', 'or', ': red; }']),
+    ).toEqual(['.a { color: red; }', '', '']);
+  });
+
+  it('is a no-op for a single split', () => {
+    expect(snapCssSplitsToRuleBoundaries(['.a { color'])).toEqual([
+      '.a { color',
+    ]);
+  });
+});