diff --git a/include/fn/expected.hpp b/include/fn/expected.hpp
index 25dbeff8..dbe265d6 100644
--- a/include/fn/expected.hpp
+++ b/include/fn/expected.hpp
@@ -233,10 +233,12 @@ template <typename T, typename E> struct _expected_base : ::pfn::detail::_expect
       return type(::fn::unexpect, _pfn_base::_error(FWD(self)));
   }
 
-  // transform, value type is a sum (delegates to sum::transform)
+  // transform, value type is a sum (delegates to sum::transform). The callback is constrained here,
+  // in the immediate context, for the reason given on optional's sum-case _transform.
   template <typename Self, typename Fn>
   static constexpr auto _transform(Self &&self, Fn &&fn)
-    requires some_sum<T> && ::std::is_constructible_v<E, decltype(_pfn_base::_error(FWD(self)))>
+    requires some_sum<T> && ::fn::detail::_typelist_invocable<Fn, decltype(_pfn_base::_value(FWD(self)))>
+             && ::std::is_constructible_v<E, decltype(_pfn_base::_error(FWD(self)))>
   {
     using new_value_type = decltype(_pfn_base::_value(FWD(self)).transform(FWD(fn)));
     using type = ::fn::expected<new_value_type, E>;
@@ -282,6 +284,7 @@ template <typename T, typename E> struct _expected_base : ::pfn::detail::_expect
                        T, ::fn::apply_const_lvalue_t<Self, typename _pfn_base::_value_t &&>>)) // extension
     requires(not some_sum<E>)
             && ::fn::detail::_is_invocable_if<not some_sum<E>, Fn, decltype(_pfn_base::_error(FWD(self)))>::value
+            && (::std::is_void_v<T> || ::std::is_constructible_v<T, decltype(_pfn_base::_value(FWD(self)))>)
   {
     using new_error_type = typename ::fn::detail::_invoke_result<Fn, decltype(_pfn_base::_error(FWD(self)))>::type;
     using type = ::fn::expected<T, new_error_type>;
@@ -296,10 +299,12 @@ template <typename T, typename E> struct _expected_base : ::pfn::detail::_expect
       });
   }
 
-  // transform_error, error type is a sum (delegates to sum::transform)
+  // transform_error, error type is a sum (delegates to sum::transform). The callback is constrained
+  // here, in the immediate context, for the reason given on optional's sum-case _transform.
   template <typename Self, typename Fn>
   static constexpr auto _transform_error(Self &&self, Fn &&fn)
-    requires some_sum<E>
+    requires some_sum<E> && ::fn::detail::_typelist_invocable<Fn, decltype(_pfn_base::_error(FWD(self)))>
+             && (::std::is_void_v<T> || ::std::is_constructible_v<T, decltype(_pfn_base::_value(FWD(self)))>)
   {
     using new_error_type = decltype(_pfn_base::_error(FWD(self)).transform(FWD(fn)));
     using type = ::fn::expected<T, new_error_type>;
diff --git a/include/fn/optional.hpp b/include/fn/optional.hpp
index 10832f7d..f0937a97 100644
--- a/include/fn/optional.hpp
+++ b/include/fn/optional.hpp
@@ -228,10 +228,14 @@ template <typename T> struct _optional_base : ::pfn::detail::_optional_base<T, o
       return type(::std::nullopt);
   }
 
-  // transform, value type is a sum (delegates to sum::transform)
+  // transform, value type is a sum (delegates to sum::transform). The callback is constrained here,
+  // in the immediate context: the deduced return type instantiates the body, so leaving it to
+  // sum::transform's own constraint would make a bad callback a hard error instead of dropping the
+  // candidate - and would poison overload resolution, since the losing candidates form their
+  // signatures too.
   template <typename Self, typename Fn>
   static constexpr auto _transform(Self &&self, Fn &&fn)
-    requires some_sum<T>
+    requires some_sum<T> && ::fn::detail::_typelist_invocable<Fn, decltype(*FWD(self))>
   {
     using new_value_type = decltype((*FWD(self)).transform(FWD(fn)));
     using type = ::fn::optional<new_value_type>;
diff --git a/tests/fn/expected.cpp b/tests/fn/expected.cpp
index c92f0a60..bf11fa86 100644
--- a/tests/fn/expected.cpp
+++ b/tests/fn/expected.cpp
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 
 #include <catch2/catch_all.hpp>
 
+#include <memory>
 #include <utility>
 #include <variant>
 
@@ -2576,6 +2577,26 @@ TEST_CASE("expected sum support transform", "[expected][sum][transform]")
     // TODO Switch bool to std::monostate or similar user-defined type
     static_assert(a.transform(fn).value().has_value<bool>());
   }
+
+  WHEN("constraints")
+  {
+    using T = fn::expected<fn::sum_for<int, std::string_view>, Error>;
+    constexpr auto can_transform_lval = [](auto &&f) { return requires { std::declval<T &>().transform(f); }; };
+    constexpr auto can_transform_clval = [](auto &&f) { return requires { std::declval<T const &>().transform(f); }; };
+
+    // a callback no alternative can take drops the candidate, rather than failing inside the body
+    static_assert(not can_transform_lval([](double) -> bool { throw 0; }));
+    static_assert(not can_transform_lval([](int &) -> bool { throw 0; })); // string_view is unhandled
+
+    // a visitor need only serve the value category the call actually selects
+    constexpr auto lval_only
+        = fn::overload{[](int &i) -> bool { return i == 12; }, [](std::string_view &) -> bool { throw 0; }};
+    static_assert(can_transform_lval(lval_only));
+    static_assert(not can_transform_clval(lval_only));
+
+    T s{fn::sum{12}};
+    CHECK(s.transform(lval_only).value() == fn::sum{true});
+  }
 }
 
 TEST_CASE("expected sum support transform_error", "[expected][sum][transform_error]")
@@ -2741,6 +2762,50 @@ TEST_CASE("expected sum support transform_error", "[expected][sum][transform_err
       static_assert(a.transform_error(fn).error() == fn::sum{42});
     }
   }
+
+  WHEN("constraints")
+  {
+    using T = fn::expected<double, fn::sum_for<int, std::string_view>>;
+    constexpr auto can_lval = [](auto &&f) { return requires { std::declval<T &>().transform_error(f); }; };
+    constexpr auto can_clval = [](auto &&f) { return requires { std::declval<T const &>().transform_error(f); }; };
+
+    // a callback no alternative can take drops the candidate, rather than failing inside the body
+    static_assert(not can_lval([](double) -> bool { throw 0; }));
+    static_assert(not can_lval([](int &) -> bool { throw 0; })); // string_view is unhandled
+
+    // a visitor need only serve the value category the call actually selects
+    constexpr auto lval_only
+        = fn::overload{[](int &i) -> bool { return i == 12; }, [](std::string_view &) -> bool { throw 0; }};
+    static_assert(can_lval(lval_only));
+    static_assert(not can_clval(lval_only));
+
+    T s{::fn::unexpect, fn::sum{12}};
+    CHECK(s.transform_error(lval_only).error() == fn::sum{true});
+  }
+
+  WHEN("untouched value is relocated, so a move-only value type drops the copying overloads")
+  {
+    // the conjunct or_else carries and pfn's transform_error requires: the untouched value goes
+    // into the result, so only the overloads whose self can be moved from survive
+    constexpr auto generic = [](auto &&) -> bool { throw 0; };
+
+    using M = fn::expected<std::unique_ptr<int>, fn::sum<int>>; // sum-case overload
+    constexpr auto can_M_lval = [](auto &&f) { return requires { std::declval<M &>().transform_error(f); }; };
+    constexpr auto can_M_rval = [](auto &&f) { return requires { std::declval<M &&>().transform_error(f); }; };
+    static_assert(not can_M_lval(generic)); // would copy the value
+    static_assert(can_M_rval(generic));     // moves it
+
+    using N = fn::expected<std::unique_ptr<int>, Error>; // non-sum overload
+    constexpr auto can_N_lval = [](auto &&f) { return requires { std::declval<N &>().transform_error(f); }; };
+    constexpr auto can_N_rval = [](auto &&f) { return requires { std::declval<N &&>().transform_error(f); }; };
+    static_assert(not can_N_lval(generic));
+    static_assert(can_N_rval(generic));
+
+    N n{std::make_unique<int>(7)};
+    auto r = std::move(n).transform_error([](Error const &) -> bool { throw 0; });
+    static_assert(std::is_same_v<decltype(r), fn::expected<std::unique_ptr<int>, bool>>);
+    CHECK(*r.value() == 7);
+  }
 }
 
 TEST_CASE("expected pack support or_else", "[expected][or_else][pack]")
diff --git a/tests/fn/optional.cpp b/tests/fn/optional.cpp
index 8f3f8089..b060c27e 100644
--- a/tests/fn/optional.cpp
+++ b/tests/fn/optional.cpp
@@ -619,4 +619,25 @@ TEST_CASE("optional transform sum", "[optional][sum][transform]")
     static_assert(std::is_same_v<decltype(a.transform(fn)), fn::optional<fn::sum<bool, int>>>);
     static_assert(a.transform(fn).value() == fn::sum{true});
   }
+
+  WHEN("constraints")
+  {
+    using T = fn::optional<fn::sum_for<Xint, int>>;
+    constexpr auto can_transform_lval = [](auto &&f) { return requires { std::declval<T &>().transform(f); }; };
+    constexpr auto can_transform_clval = [](auto &&f) { return requires { std::declval<T const &>().transform(f); }; };
+
+    // a callback no alternative can take drops the candidate, rather than failing inside the body
+    static_assert(not can_transform_lval([](std::string_view) -> bool { throw 0; }));
+    static_assert(not can_transform_lval([](int &) -> bool { throw 0; })); // Xint is unhandled
+
+    // a visitor need only serve the value category the call actually selects: the losing const&
+    // candidate is dropped by its own constraint rather than forming its signature and poisoning
+    // the call. The four-category visitors above are a spelling choice, not a requirement.
+    constexpr auto lval_only = fn::overload{[](int &i) -> bool { return i == 12; }, [](Xint &) -> bool { throw 0; }};
+    static_assert(can_transform_lval(lval_only));
+    static_assert(not can_transform_clval(lval_only));
+
+    T s{12};
+    CHECK(s.transform(lval_only).value() == fn::sum{true});
+  }
 }